Back up a Windows Server 2012 R2 domain controller

Install Windows Backup Components

Log on to the domain controller (DC) with a domain admin account and open a PowerShell prompt using the blue icon on the desktop taskbar or from the Start screen.

• In the PowerShell console, type add-windowsfeature windows-server-backup and press Enter.
• Open Server Manager from the desktop taskbar (or from the Start screen if it's not already open) and select Windows Server Backup from the Tools menu.
• In the wbadmin console, click Local Backup in the left pane.
• Now select Backup Once under Actions in the far right pane. You can also choose to perform the same task but create a regular backup by defining a schedule.
• In the Backup Once Wizard, select Different Options and click Next.
• On the Select Backup Configuration screen, select Full server (recommended) and click Next.
• On the Specify Destination Type screen, select Local drives and click Next.
• On the Select Backup Destination screen, select your dedicated backup volume in the Backup destination drop-down menu.
• Click OK to confirm that you want to exclude the selected drive from the backup items.
• Click Backup on the confirmation screen.
• Close the Backup Once Wizard.

If you leave the backup wizard open, it will show you whether the backup job completed successfully. Alternatively you can run repadmin /showbackup to see when the last backup of AD completed successfully.